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Vocabulary Review
Practice test questions
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| 1. | Alkali | A substance with a pH greater than 7; also known as a "base" or "caustic" | |
| 2. | antibiotic pradox | The misuse of antibiotics causes mutation and subsequent resistance | |
| 3. | Antibiotic resistance | the evolution of populations of pathogenic bacteria that antibiotics are unable to kill | |
| 4. | Antidote | A substance that can reverse the adverse effects of a poison | |
| 5. | Base | A substance with a pH greater than 7; also known as an "alkali" or "caustic" | |
| 6. | Caustic | A substance with a pH greater than 7; also known as an "alkali" or "base" | |
| 7. | chain of infection | A number of components or events that when present in a series, lead to an infection. | |
| 8. | Cholera | An acute intestinal infection caused by ingestion of contaminated water or food | |
| 9. | Corrosive | A substance able to corrode tissue or metal (e.g. acids and bases) | |
| 10. | dose-response curve | A graph of the ammount of dose given against the response seen. | |
| 11. | environmental pollutants | Second-hand smoke, work chemicals, and pollutants | |
| 12. | Enzyme | A large molecule (protein) that performs a biochemical reaction in the cell | |
| 13. | epidemiology | A branch of medical science that deals with the incidence, distribution, and control of disease in a population | |
| 14. | Gram Negative Bacteria | Type of bacteria that have a thin cell wall covered by an outer plasma membrane. They stain pink in Gram stain. Are typically more resistant to antibiotics. | |
| 15. | heavy metal toxins | Cadmium, silver, mercury, bismuth | |
| 16. | hormone mimics | Certain pesticides and other synthetic chemicals can act as hormone imposters that may impair reproductive systems and sexual development or cause various physical and behavioral disorders. | |
| 17. | Hydrocarbon | A member of a large class of chemicals belonging to the petroleum derivative family; they have a variety of uses, such as solvents, oils, reagents, and fuels | |
| 18. | Lead poisoning | A medical condition caused by toxic levels of the metal lead in the blood | |
| 19. | Malaria | A tropical disease carried by the anopheles mosquito and characterized by chills, fever, and sweating |
| 20. | Mutation | A change in the order of the bases in an organism's DNA; deletion, insertion, or substitution. | |
| 21. | Neutralizing Agent | A substance that counteracts the effects of acids or bases; brings the pH of a solution back to 7 | |
| 22. | Organophosphate | A pesticide that inhibits acetylcholinesterase | |
| 23. | particulates | Tiny particles or droplets that are mixed in with air. | |
| 24. | pathogens | Any microorganism that can cause disease (for example, a virus or bacteria that are disease causing). | |
| 25. | Poison | Any substance that can harm the human body; also known as a toxin | |
| 26. | Toxicology | The study of poisons | |
| 27. | Toxin | Any substance that can harm the human body; also known as a poison | |
| 28. | Tuberculosis | An infectious disease that may affect almost all tissues of the body, especially the lungs | |
| 29. | Vector | A _____ is any animal capable of transmitting pathogens or producing human or animal discomfort or injury. | |
| 30. | zoonosis | An animal disease that can be transmitted to humans. |
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