Sylvester Holt Environmental Science Chap 9
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Vocabulary Chapter 9
1.age structure: The classification of members of a population into groups according to age or the distribution of members of a population in terms of age groups.
2.arable land: Farmland that can be used to grow crops.
3.demographic transition: The general pattern of demographic change from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates, as observed in the history of more-developed countries.
4.demography: The study of the characteristics of populations, especially human populations.
5.female literacy: linked to reductions in fertility, improved child health, and stronger learning potential
6.fertility rate: The number of births (usually per year) per 1000 women of childberaring age (usually 15 to 44).
7.infrastructure: The basic facilities of a country or region, such as roads, bridges, and sewers.
8.least developed countries: Countries that have been identified by the United Nations as showing the fewest signs of development in terms of income, human resources, and economic diversification.
9.life expectancy: The average length of time that an individual is expected to live.
10.limiting factors: any biotic or abiotic factor that restricts the existence, numbers, reproduction, or distribution of organisms
11.migration: In general, any movement of individuals or populations from one location to another; specifically, a periodic group movement that is characteristic of a given population of species.
12.one child family policy: is a population control policy of the People's Republic of China.
13.survivorship: The percentage of newborn individuals in a population that can be expected to survive to a given age.
14.urban sprawl: The process of urban areas expanding outwards, usually in the form of suburbs, and developing over fertile agricultural land.
15.urbanization: An increase in the ratio or density of people living in urban areas rather than in rural areas.
